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William Reid - The Lore of Arms: A Concise History of Weaponry
Facts on File | 1984 | ISBN: 087196855X | English | 264 pages | PDF | 103.69 MB
Recounts the development of weapons from prehistoric times to World War II, and examines arms which changed the nature of warfare, including crossbows, muskets, field artillery, tanks, and automatic weapons.

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Dr Hilda Ellis Davidson, "The Lost Beliefs of Northern Europe"
English | ISBN: 0415049377 | 1993 | 190 pages | MOBI | 3 MB
Fragments of ancient belief mingle with folklore and Christian dogma until the original tenets are lost in the myths and psychologies of the intervening years. Hilda Ellis Davidson illustrates how pagan beliefs have been represented and misinterpreted by the Christian tradition, and throws light on the nature of pre-Christian beliefs and how they have been preserved. The Lost Beliefs of Northern Europe stresses both the possibilities and the difficulties of investigating the lost religious beliefs of Northern Europe.

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The Making of an International Investment Facilitation Framework: Legal, Political and Economic Perspectives
by Axel Berger and Manjiao Chi
English | 2025 | ISBN: 1009444085 | 432 Pages | True PDF | 5.2 MB

This book comprehensively investigates the rationale and effects of the first multilateral agreement on investment facilitation for development, including the interests of key WTO members. It adopts a multidisciplinary, transregional and data-driven approach to explore the political, economic and legal aspects pertaining to the most recent WTO agreement. The book highlights how this agreement broadens the scope of the WTO to the contentious area of foreign investment and adopts the innovative facilitation approach. The book presents cutting-edge research on the (non-)adoption of investment facilitation worldwide, the economic impact of the agreement, its legal implications and the political economy explaining why the investment facilitation for development agreement came about. The book brings together leading experts from various disciplines and practices and aims at inspiring more substantive research in this new field of international economic rule-making.

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The Marcus Aurelius Book of Quotes: Over 150 Quotes from the Greatest Stoic of All Time by Nick Benas, Kortney Yasenka
English | April 29th, 2025 | ISBN: 1961293250 | 128 pages | True EPUB | 0.86 MB
Discover the timeless wisdom of Marcus Aurelius, one of history's greatest Stoic philosophers, in this compelling collection of quotes and sayings.

Marcus Aurelius lived a life that epitomized the principles of Stoicism, gaining profound control over his thoughts, emotions, and actions. The Marcus Aurelius Book of Quotes brings together over 150 of his most insightful sayings, musings, and observations, offering readers a treasure trove of wisdom.
In a world where many strive to improve their lives, find happiness, and achieve fulfillment, Marcus Aurelius' teachings provide enduring guidance. His reflections address fundamental questions such as:
* What will make me feel more fulfilled?
* How can I build stronger relationships?
* What contributes to a successful and meaningful life?
* How can I live free from anxiety and depression?
The teachings of Marcus Aurelius offer a roadmap to a balanced, contented, and purposeful life. The wisdom contained in The Marcus Aurelius Book of Quotes continues to resonate, offering clarity and direction for those seeking to navigate the complexities of modern living.

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Maria Agren, "The Marital Economy In Scandinavia And Britain 1400-1900 "
English | ISBN: 0754637816 | 2005 | 288 pages | EPUB | 1124 KB
This collection of essays offers a wealth of original research into the economic, social and legal history of the marital partnership in northern Europe over a 500-year period. Erickson's introduction explores the concept of the marital economy and sketches the legal and economic background across the region.

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Jean-Luc Beauchard, "The Mask of Memnon: Meaning and the Novel"
English | ISBN: 1666719501 | 2022 | 110 pages | EPUB | 4 MB
What gives life its meaning? This question stands behind every philosophical inquiry, and philosophy itself arises from it. Confronting the problem of meaning is, as Camus says, the fundamental task of human life. Yet at bottom, meaning is an aesthetical category. Meaning hinges on interpretation. It makes sense then to turn to art-and in particular the art form which deals most explicitly with meaning, the novel-if we are to attempt to address it.

Inspired by but critical of Roland Barthes's "death of the author" literary theory, The Mask of Memnon seeks to reconcile opposing philosophical approaches to the question of meaning by examining the death of the author from the perspective of the character, not the reader. In this work, the traditional dichotomy between external/objective meaning and internal/subjective meaning is upended and a new paradigm is proposed.
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The Mathematical Theory of Semantic Communication
English | 2025 | ISBN: 981965131X | 123 Pages | PDF EPUB (True) | 12 MB
This Open Access Book explores how classical information theory's focus on syntactic information has limited the further development of communication science. Recently, communication technologies that handle and transmit semantic information have gained widespread attention in academia. Semantic communication has paved new directions for the future of communication technology development, yet it lacks a general mathematical guiding theory. To address this challenge, this open access book constructs a theoretical framework for semantic information theory and provides a systematic exposition of the measurement system for semantic information and the theoretical limits of semantic communication. It serves as a professional reference for researchers in information and communication. The book begins by deeply analyzing the data characteristics of various information sources and the needs of downstream tasks to summarize and generalize the universal attribute of semantic information-synonymity and to define the synonymous mapping between semantic information and syntactic information. Stemming from this core concept, synonymous mapping, this book introduces the measures of semantic information. It then introduces a new mathematical tool, Synonymous Asymptotic Equipartition (AEP), to explore the mathematical properties of synonymous typical sequences and applies random coding and synonymous typical sequence decoding/encoding to prove the semantic lossless source coding theorem, semantic channel coding theorem, and semantic limited distortion source coding theorem. In addition, the semantic information measures in the continuous case are discussed and a new channel capacity formula of the band-limited Gaussian channel is obtained, which is an important extension of the classical channel capacity.

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The Max Planck Handbooks in European Public Law: Volume II: Constitutional Foundations
by Armin von Bogdandy, Peter M. Huber
English | 2023 | ISBN: 0198726422 | 768 Pages | True ePUB | 1.58 MB

The Max Planck Handbooks in European Public Law describe and analyse public law of the European legal space, an area that encompasses not only the law of the European Union but also the European Convention on Human Rights and, importantly, the domestic public laws of European states. Recognizing that the ongoing vertical and horizontal processes of European integration make legal comparison the task of our time for both scholars and practitioners, the series aims to foster the development of a specifically European legal pluralism and to contribute to the legitimacy and efficiency of European public law.
The first volume of the series began this enterprise with an appraisal of the evolution of the state and its administration, offering both cross-cutting contributions and specific country reports. The third volume (the second in chronological terms) continues this approach with an in-depth appraisal of constitutional adjudication in various and diverse European countries. Fourteen country reports and two cross-cutting contributions investigate the antecedents, foundations, organization, procedure, and outlook of constitutional adjudicators throughout the Continent. They include countries with powerful constitutional courts, jurisdictions with traditional supreme courts, and states with small institutions and limited ex ante review. In keeping with the focus on a diverse but unified legal space, each report also details how its institution fits into the broader association of constitutional courts that, through dialogue and conflict, brings to fruition the European legal space. Together, the chapters of this volume provide a strong and diverse foundation for this dialogue to flourish.

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The Max Planck Handbooks in European Public Law: Volume II: Constitutional Foundations
by Armin von Bogdandy, Peter M. Huber
English | 2023 | ISBN: 0198726422 | 768 Pages | True PDF | 38 MB

The Max Planck Handbooks in European Public Law describe and analyse public law of the European legal space, an area that encompasses not only the law of the European Union but also the European Convention on Human Rights and, importantly, the domestic public laws of European states. Recognizing that the ongoing vertical and horizontal processes of European integration make legal comparison the task of our time for both scholars and practitioners, the series aims to foster the development of a specifically European legal pluralism and to contribute to the legitimacy and efficiency of European public law.
The first volume of the series began this enterprise with an appraisal of the evolution of the state and its administration, offering both cross-cutting contributions and specific country reports. The third volume (the second in chronological terms) continues this approach with an in-depth appraisal of constitutional adjudication in various and diverse European countries. Fourteen country reports and two cross-cutting contributions investigate the antecedents, foundations, organization, procedure, and outlook of constitutional adjudicators throughout the Continent. They include countries with powerful constitutional courts, jurisdictions with traditional supreme courts, and states with small institutions and limited ex ante review. In keeping with the focus on a diverse but unified legal space, each report also details how its institution fits into the broader association of constitutional courts that, through dialogue and conflict, brings to fruition the European legal space. Together, the chapters of this volume provide a strong and diverse foundation for this dialogue to flourish.

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Martin H. Blatt, "The Meaning of Slavery in the North "
English | ISBN: 1138980641 | 2016 | 220 pages | EPUB | 2 MB
Southern cotton planters and Northern textile mill owners maintained what has been called "an unholy alliance between the lords of the lash and the lords of the loom." This collection of essays focuses on the central role of slavery in the early development of industrialization in the United States as well as on the interconnections among the histories of African Americans, women, and labor.

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The Measure of Economies: Measuring Productivity in an Age of Technological Change by Marshall B. Reinsdorf, Louise Sheiner
English | December 16, 2024 | ISBN: 0226836339 | 368 pages | PDF | 5.55 Mb
Innovative new approaches for improving GDP measurement to better gauge economic productivity.

Official measures of gross domestic product (GDP) indicate that productivity growth has declined in the United States over the last two decades. This has led to calls for policy changes from pro-business tax reform to stronger antitrust measures. But are our twentieth-century economic methods actually measuring our twenty-first-century productivity?
The Measure of Economies offers a synthesis of the state of knowledge in productivity measurement at a time when many question the accuracy and scope of GDP. With chapters authored by leading economic experts on topics such as the digital economy, health care, and the environment, it highlights the inadequacies of current practices and discusses cutting-edge alternatives.
Pragmatic and forward-facing, The Measure of Economies is an essential resource not only for social scientists, but also for policymakers and business leaders seeking to understand the complexities of economic growth in a time of rapidly evolving technology.

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Richard Stivers, "The Media Creates Us in Its Image and Other Essays on Technology and Culture"
English | ISBN: 1532697260 | 2020 | 218 pages | EPUB | 2 MB
The Media Creates Us in Its Image and Other Essays on Technology and Culture proposes that modern technology seriously influences every aspect of culture and personality. Technology shapes our beliefs and values and even how we think of ourselves. It affects religion, morality, education, language, communication, and sexual identity. Every institution, every organization, is brought under its purview. This book attempts to awaken the reader to the destructive side of modern technology that exists side-by-side with its constructive side. What modern technology is destroying, however, is the very meaning of being human. The essay "The Media Creates Us in Its Image" makes this case most dramatically. The book asks the reader the following question: Is what you have gained from the use of modern technology more important than what you have lost? How do we once again bring technology under our control in the face of its inexorable "progress"?

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Dr Rose A Sawyer, "The Medieval Changeling: Health, Childcare, and the Family Unit"
English | ISBN: 1843846519 | 2023 | 272 pages | EPUB | 32 MB
The first comprehensive study of medieval changelings and associated attitudes to the health and care of children in the period.

The changeling - a monstrous creature swapped for a human child by malevolent powers - is an enduring image in the popular imagination; dubbing a child a changeling is traditionally understood as a way to justify the often-violent rejection of a disabled or ailing infant. Belief in the reality of changelings is famously attested in Stephen of Bourbon's disapproving thirteenth-century account of rites at the shrine of Saint Guinefort the Holy Greyhound, where sick children were brought to be cured. However, the focus on the St. Guinefort rituals has meant some scholarly neglect of the wealth of other sources of knowledge (including mystery plays and medical texts) and the nuances with which the changeling motif was used in this period.
This interdisciplinary study considers the idea of the changeling as a cultural construct through an examination of a broad range of medical, miracle, and imaginative texts, as well as the lives of three more conventional Saints, Stephen, Bartholomew and Lawrence, who, in their infancy, were said to have been replaced by a demonic changeling. The author highlights how people from all walks of life were invested in both creating and experiencing the images, texts and artefacts depicting these changelings, and examines societal tensions regarding infants and children: their health, their care, and their position within the familial unit.
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Dr Rose A Sawyer, "The Medieval Changeling: Health, Childcare, and the Family Unit"
English | ISBN: 1843846519 | 2023 | 272 pages | PDF | 50 MB
The first comprehensive study of medieval changelings and associated attitudes to the health and care of children in the period.

The changeling - a monstrous creature swapped for a human child by malevolent powers - is an enduring image in the popular imagination; dubbing a child a changeling is traditionally understood as a way to justify the often-violent rejection of a disabled or ailing infant. Belief in the reality of changelings is famously attested in Stephen of Bourbon's disapproving thirteenth-century account of rites at the shrine of Saint Guinefort the Holy Greyhound, where sick children were brought to be cured. However, the focus on the St. Guinefort rituals has meant some scholarly neglect of the wealth of other sources of knowledge (including mystery plays and medical texts) and the nuances with which the changeling motif was used in this period.
This interdisciplinary study considers the idea of the changeling as a cultural construct through an examination of a broad range of medical, miracle, and imaginative texts, as well as the lives of three more conventional Saints, Stephen, Bartholomew and Lawrence, who, in their infancy, were said to have been replaced by a demonic changeling. The author highlights how people from all walks of life were invested in both creating and experiencing the images, texts and artefacts depicting these changelings, and examines societal tensions regarding infants and children: their health, their care, and their position within the familial unit.
Read more

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The Mercian Chronicles: King Offa and the Birth of the Anglo-Saxon State, AD 630-918 by Max Adams
English | 3 June 2025 | ISBN: 1838933255 | 464 pages | MOBI | 22 Mb
A brilliant recreation of the golden age of the Anglo-Saxon kingdom of Mercia - its landscapes, peoples, conflicts, power structures and political geography.

The eighth century has long been a neglected backwater in English history: a shadowland between the death of Bede and the triumphs of Ælfred. But before the hegemony of Wessex, the kingdom of Mercia - spread across a broad swathe of central England - was the dynamic heart of a kingship that discovered the means to exercise central political authority for the first time since the Roman empire. That authority was used to construct trading networks and markets; develop economic and cultural links with the Continent, and lay the foundations for a system of co-ordinated defence that Ælfred would reinvent at the end of the ninth century.
Two kings, Æthelbald (716-757) and Offa (757-796) dominate the political landscape of the rising power of Mercia. During their reigns, monasteries became powerhouses of royal patronage, economic enterprise and trade. Offa constructed his grandiose dyke along the borders of the warlike Welsh kingdoms and, more subtly, spread his message of political superiority through coinage bearing his image. But Æthelbald and Offa between them built something with an even more substantial legacy - a geography of medieval England. And they engineered a set of tensions between kingship, landholding and church that were to play out dramatically at the dawn of the Viking Age.
In this, the latest of his sequence of histories of Early Medieval Britain, Max Adams re-connects the worlds of Oswald, Bede and Ælfred in an absorbing study of the landscape, politics and society of a fascinating century.

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