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Neil Shenai, "Escaping the Governance Trap: Economic Reform in the Northern Triangle"
English | 2022 | ISBN: 3030990222, 3030990257 | PDF | pages: 170 | 2.9 mb
The COVID-19 pandemic has fundamentally altered the global economic landscape, with the smallest and most vulnerable economies particularly hard hit. In the Northern Triangle countries of El Salvador, Guatemala, and Honduras, the crisis has cost lives and livelihoods. It has impacted both the demand and supply sides of the economy, posing difficult policy tradeoffs. Risks to macroeconomic stability are now growing. Each country will likely exit the crisis with an even greater need for reform.

Escaping the Governance Trap: Economic Reform in the Northern Triangle provides a framework for understanding the challenges of those three Central American nations, proposing that the lack of governing capacity in each country is a crucial problem. This book argues that economic reforms can help the Northern Triangle countries escape their governance traps and identifies priority areas of economic reform. Sectors covered include fiscal policy, monetary andexchange rate policy, financial access and deterrence, and structural reforms. It also highlights the role that stakeholders like the United States can play to help in these reform efforts, and how those outcomes affect the United States and the global community. All told, Escaping the Governance Trap provides an accessible, direct account of the Northern Triangle's economic challenges and how to fix them.

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Paul F. Snowdon, "Essays on Perceptual Experience"
English | ISBN: 0199658293 | 2024 | 400 pages | PDF | 3 MB
A central figure in Anglo-American philosophy for over four decades, Paul F. Snowdon made seminal contributions to the fields of metaphysics, philosophy of mind, and the history of twentieth-century philosophy. Snowdon's work on perception and perceptual experience-much of which is collected in this volume for the first time-was particularly influential and firmly established 'disjunctivism' as a view with which any theorist working in the field must reckon.

In the essays collected in the first part of this volume, Snowdon traces the contours of the concept of perception, refining his formulation of the disjunctivist position, determining the degree of involvement of the concept of causation, and engaging critically with arguments which aim to support sense-data theories. The second part contains critical examinations of the views propounded by several influential philosophers, amounting to a partial sketch of the history of twentieth-century philosophy of perception. Among the figures whose work Snowdon engages are J. L. Austin, A. J. Ayer, Michael Ayers, Michael Hinton, John McDowell, G. E. Moore, H. H. Price, Wilfrid Sellars, P. F. Strawson, and Ludwig Wittgenstein.
The volume opens with a robust and intellectually generous introduction in which Snowdon describes the theoretical challenges, approaches, and themes that animate the set of interrelated problems addressed across all sixteen essays. Sprinkled throughout are an array of candid reflections that serve to illuminate both the substantive connections between the essays as well as the historical and circumstantial contexts that occasioned their writing.
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Sir Anthony Kenny, "Essays on the Aristotelian Tradition"
English | 2001 | pages: 190 | ISBN: 0198250681 | PDF | 9,5 mb
Aristotle has arguably been the most influential of all philosophers. This selection of works by Aristotle, along with essays by Aristotle scholar Anthony Kenny, traces the philosopher's profound influence throughout the ages. It covers in-depth his ethics and philosophy of mind and shows how they provided the framework for fruitful developments in the Middle Ages as well as in the present day. It also includes various contributions to the most recent form of Aristotelian scholarship: computer-assisted stylometry. Anyone who has ever been fascinated by Aristotle's brilliant insight and intellectual legacy will be delighted with this engaging collection.

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Paul Patton, "Essential Mathematics for Economics and Business"
English | 2002 | pages: 656 | ISBN: 0470844663 | PDF | 20,8 mb
Essential Mathematics for Economics and Business has become established as one of the leading introductory books on mathematics. It combines a non-rigorous approach to mathematics with applications in economics and business. The fundamental mathematical concepts are explained as simply and as briefly as possible, using a wide selection of worked examples, graphs and real-world applications.

- This second edition includes new material on important topics such as: currency conversion, annuities, debt repayment, sinking funds and Excel for linear algebra
- Sections rewritten in a clearer and more accessible style
- Includes a supplementary web page
"Excellent for those coming to maths after school/university....it is absolutely excellent as a text to get you up to speed very quickly. The explanations are clear and very well thought out without sacrificing important concepts. I couldn't recommend it highly enough as a text book to give you a leg up into more involved mathematical economics."
-Amazon.co.uk 24 August 2004
"the most comprehensive reader in this topic yet, this book is an essential aid to the avid economist who loathes mathematics!"
-Amazon.co.uk 25 January 2002

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Tim Thornton, "Esssential Philosophy of Psychiatry "
English | ISBN: 019922871X | 2007 | 280 pages | PDF | 78 MB
Essential Philosophy of Psychiatry is a concise introduction to the growing field of philosophy of psychiatry. Divided into three main aspects of psychiatric clinical judgement, values, meanings and facts, it examines the key debates about mental health care, and the philosophical ideas and tools needed to assess those debates, in six chapters.

In addition to outlining the state of play, Essential Philosophy of Psychiatry presents a coherent and unified approach across the different debates, characterized by a rejection of reductionism and an emphasis on the ineliminability of uncodified skilled judgement.
The first part, Values, outlines the debate about whether diagnosis of mental illness is essentially value-laden and argues that the prospects for reducing illness or disease to plainly factual matters are poor. It also explains the important role of skilled contextual judgement, rather than a principles-based deduction, in ethical judgement.
The second part, Meanings, examines the central role of understanding and a shared first person perspective, both against attempts to reduce meaning to basic information-processing mechanisms and to explain away the difficulties of understanding psychopathology in recent models of delusion.
The third part, Facts, shows the importance of uncodified clinical judgements, both in assessing the validity of psychiatric taxonomy and in the application of Evidence Based Medicine. Despite advances in the codifaction of practice and operationalism of diagnosis, an element of judgement remains in the assessment both of what, at one level, is good evidence for diagnosis and treatment and what, at a higher level, is good evidence for the validity of classification overall.
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Ethics of Medical AI (The International Library of Ethics, Law and Technology, 24) by Giovanni Rubeis
English | March 21, 2024 | ISBN: 3031557433 | 264 pages | MOBI | 0.76 Mb
This is the first book to provide a coherent overview over the ethical implications of AI-related technologies in medicine. It explores how these technologies transform practices, relationships, and environments in the clinical field. It provides an introduction into ethical issues such as data security and privacy protection, bias and algorithmic fairness, trust and transparency, challenges to the doctor-patient relationship, and new perspectives for informed consent. The book focuses on the transformative impact that technology is having on medicine, and discusses several strategies for dealing with the resulting challenges. It also introduces innovative methods of ethics research for addressing existing desiderata and future challenges. This book is written to inform health care professionals, policy-makers, and researchers in medicine, health sciences, nursing science, social sciences, and ethics, but may also function as a primary textbook for graduate as wellas undergraduate university courses.

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EU Administrative Law (Elgar European Law series)
by Diana-Urania Galetta and Jacques Ziller
English | 2024 | ISBN: 1800375743 | 298 Pages | PDF | 17.3 MB

This insightful book analyses the theory and practice of administrative law in the European Union and its member states. Adopting a functional approach, Diana-Urania Galetta and Jacques Ziller provide a detailed overview of the law as it applies to EU institutions, bodies, offices, agencies, and member state authorities.
Drawing on insights from comparative law, Galetta and Ziller explore key topics including administrative procedure, judicial review, legal instruments and executive function, and investigate how multilingualism mediates the interaction of EU and member state law. The book highlights the importance of change and adaptability in EU administrative law, and examines the role of the policies and institutional systems that govern it.
Covering both primary and secondary EU law alongside the jurisprudence of the European Court of Justice, this book is an essential resource for students and scholars of EU law and politics, administrative law, and institutional systems. It is also a valuable read for legal practitioners and administrators working in and implementing EU law.

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EU Foreign Policy Towards Latin America, 2nd Edition
by Roberto Dominguez
English | 2024 | ISBN: 3031679725 | 210 Pages | True ePUB | 0.41 MB

The second edition of EU Foreign Policy Toward Latin America systematically examines the main aspects of the EU-Latin America relationship. The chapters provide an in-depth analysis of the long-term trends in the EU's relationship with Latin America as a region, sub-regions, and individual countries. Students and practitioners interested in interregional studies, Latin America, and EU external relations will find this an invaluable resource to examine past interactions within the Euro-Latin American space. The book advances the concept of liberal partnerships, EU capacity building, and modular interregionalism, reflecting the convergence of strategic priorities, multiple narratives, and asymmetrical relations. Under one framework of analysis, the book explains why the EU and Latin America have developed a variety of institutional mechanisms of cooperation, ranging from bilateral association agreements to regional trade negotiations.

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Bart Funnekotter, "Eureka!: European Research Universities and the Challenges of the 21st Century"
English | ISBN: 9053567526 | 2005 | 160 pages | PDF | 1157 KB
European universities currently face a dire financial crunch: governments throughout Europe are slashing their budgets for higher education, and fund-raising organizations are far less developed in European universities than in their American counterparts. €ureka! examines how European universities are rapidly adjusting to the situation, drawing on interviews with professionals and students from institutions in the League of European Research Universities. The contributors discuss ways in which European universities can raise funds and whether they will continue scholarly research or transform into research laboratories. €ureka! is a fascinating look at the state of higher education in a global context.

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Europe against Revolution: Conservatism, Enlightenment, and the Making of the Past by Matthijs Lok
English | June 23, 2023 | ISBN: 0198872135 | 384 pages | EPUB | 1.84 Mb
Contemporary Europe seems to be divided between progressive cosmopolitans sympathetic to the European Union and the ideals of the Enlightenment, and counter-enlightened conservative nationalists extolling the virtues of homelands threatened by globalised elites and mass migration. This study seeks to uncover the roots of historically informed ideas of Europe, while at the same time underlining the fundamental differences between the writings of the older counter-revolutionary Europeanists and their self-appointed successors and detractors in the twenty-first century. In the decades around 1800, the era of the French Revolution, counter-revolutionary authors from all over Europe defended European civilisation against the onslaught of nationalist revolutionaries, bent on the destruction of the existing order, or so they believed. In opposition to the new revolutionary world of universal and abstract principles, the counter-revolutionary publicists proclaimed the concept of a gradually developing European society and political order, founded on a set of historical and - ultimately divine - institutions that had guaranteed Europe's unique freedom, moderation, diversity, and progress since the fall of the Roman Empire. These counter-revolutionary Europeanists drew on the cosmopolitan Enlightenment and simultaneously criticized its alleged revolutionary legacy. Throughout the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, these ideas of European history and civilisation were rediscovered and adapted to new political contexts, shaping in manifold ways our contested idea of European history and memory until today.

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Europe Between the Oceans: 9000 BC-AD 1000 by Barry Cunliffe
English | September 2, 2008 | ISBN: 0300119232, 0300170866 | True EPUB | 518 pages | 105 MB
A sensational, interdisciplinary work which entirely reorients our understanding of Europe from 10,000 BC to the time of the Vikings

In this magnificent book, distinguished archaeologist Barry Cunliffe reframes our entire conception of early European history, from prehistory through the ancient world to the medieval Viking period. Cunliffe views Europe not in terms of states and shifting political land boundaries but as a geographical niche particularly favored in facing many seas. These seas, and Europe's great transpeninsular rivers, ensured a rich diversity of natural resources while also encouraging the dynamic interaction of peoples across networks of communication and exchange. The development of these early Europeans is rooted in complex interplays, shifting balances, and geographic and demographic fluidity.
Drawing on archaeology, anthropology, and history, Cunliffe has produced an interdisciplinary tour de force. His is a bold book of exceptional scholarship, erudite and engaging, and it heralds an entirely new understanding of Old Europe.

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Daniel Vaughan-Whitehead, "Europe's Disappearing Middle Class?: Evidence from the World of Work"
English | ISBN: 1786430592 | 2016 | 672 pages | PDF | 18 MB
While recent studies have highlighted the phenomenon and risks of increased inequalities between the top and the bottom of society, little research has so far been carried out on trends relating to the median income range that generally represents the middle class. This volume examines the following questions: what are the main transformations in the world of work over the last 20 years in terms of the labour market, social dialogue and conditions of work, wages and incomes that may have affected the middle class? How has the middle class been shaped by the financial and economic crisis? What are the long-term trends for the middle class in Europe?

This volume also investigates the potential risks and effects of the reshuffling, or even weakening, of the middle class. On the social side, it explores the ramifications of further retrenchment of the European Social Model, which to a great extent has traditionally been funded by the middle class. On the economic side, the book investigates whether this process - especially from the perspective of consumption and human capital - is endangering the long-term sustainability of the current economic model. While presenting evidence of a definite erosion of the middle class, this book assesses the specific situation in each individual EU Member State on the basis of detailed statistics and case studies of professional categories that traditionally represent the middle class.
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George Akita, "Evaluating Evidence: A Positivist Approach to Reading Sources on Modern Japan"
English | 2008 | pages: 289 | ISBN: 0824825608 | PDF | 3,9 mb
Evaluating Evidence is based on the grueling lessons learned by a senior scholar during three decades of tutoring by, and collaboration with, Japanese historians. George Akita persisted in the difficult task of reading documentary sources in Japanese, most written in calligraphic style (sôsho), out of the conviction of their centrality to the historian's craft and his commitment to a positivist methodology to research and scholarship. He argues forcefully in this volume for an inductive process in which the scholar seeks out facts on a subject and, through observation and examination of an extensive body of data, is able to discern patterns until it is possible to formulate certain propositions.

In his introduction, Akita relates how and why he decided to adopt a positivist approach and explains what he means by the term as it applies to humanistic studies. He enumerates the difficulties linked with reading primary sources in Japanese by looking at a variety of unpublished and published materials and identifying a major problem in reading published primary sources: the intervention of editors and compilers. He illustrates the pitfalls of such intervention by comparing the recently published seventeen-volume diary of Prime Minister Hara Takashi (1856-1921), a photo reproduction of the diary in Hara's own hand, and an earlier published version. Using documents related to Yamagata Aritomo (1838-1922), a figure of central importance in Japan's post-Restoration political history, he demonstrates the use of published and transcribed primary sources to sustain, question, or strengthen some of the themes and approaches adopted by non-Japanese scholars working on modern Japanese history. He ends his inquiry with two "case studies," examining closely the methods of the highly acclaimed American historians John W. Dower and Herbert P. Bix.

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Sally K. Gallagher, "Evangelical Identity and Gendered Family Life"
English | 2003 | pages: 258 | ISBN: 0813531799, 0813531780 | PDF | 0,9 mb
Evangelical Identity and Gendered Family Life provides a sociological and historical analysis of gender, family, and work among evangelical Protestants. In this innovative study, Sally Gallagher traces two lines of gender ideals-one of husbands' authority and leadership, the other of mutuality and partnership in marriage-from the Puritans to the Promise Keepers into the lives of ordinary evangelicals today. Rather than simply reacting against or accommodating themselves to "secular society," Gallagher argues that both traditional and egalitarian evangelicals draw on longstanding beliefs about gender, human nature, and the person of God.

The author bases her arguments on an analysis of evangelical family advice literature, data from a large national survey and personal interviews with over 300 evangelicals nationwide. No other work in this area draws on such a range of data and methodological resources. Evangelical Identity and Gendered Family Life establishes a standard for future research by locating the sources, strategies, and meaning of gender within evangelical Protestantism.

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Cloe Taddei-Ferretti, "Even the Dogs: The Ordination of Women in the Catholic Church (60) "
English | ISBN: 3643909276 | 2017 | 276 pages | PDF | 1493 KB
This is a historical excursus that describes female ministries in the early Church. It analyzes the disputed traces of women in the presbyteral ministry, diaconal ministry, and the differences in ordination rite and functions for deaconesses and deacons of the Byzantine Church. Information is included on the gender balance of today's identical ordination rite and functions of deaconesses and deacons. The study also examines: the hypothetical possibility of female presbyteral ordination; belief in female subordination; the spousal symbol; Mary; woman and person; reciprocity; the incarnation of the Word; the impossibility of female presbyteral vocation; the value of doctrines; and the sacramental sign and substance of a sacrament. In conclusion, a prayer for female presbyteral ordination is proposed. (Series: Theology: Research and Science / Theologie: Forschung und Wissenschaft, Vol. 60) [Subject: Gender Studies, Catholic Studies, Religious Studies, History]

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